Jonathan Lynch – ‘An Essay of Emptiness’

Jonathan Lynch did not begin his education studying art, as he states that his school did not perceive him as being artistically skilled, resulting in his connection with photography after he had left school aged 17.

His main focus with his photography so far, has been to investigate and explore buildings with an aesthetic point of view. Lynch finds the process of taking photographs in  new places very therapeutic and likes to visit these spaces to think and respond to the environment. He explained the significance of light in the areas and how it can reanimate the whole space. Lynch is interested in the history of the building and how simply being there can make you consider the people who once were there and their memories within the site.  He likes to reflect upon the once lived-in rooms and how those people have moved on.

Lynch is fascinated by the idea that once people die, they are gone and how a picture can become precious. He explained that he only likes to take photographs of places when the light in perfect and that during the winter months the hue was the best. Yet he felt as though he did not have a real reason for taking these pictures and knew he needed to develop the meaning.

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An Essay of Emptiness (Taken from series)

 

As the buildings no longer have a use or purpose, the surfaces never physically change and the lighting is the only inconsistency. After using a damaged camera, sections of his developed images were lost. This is when Lynch began experimenting with painting onto his photographs. This made himself and the viewer question the realness of the image and he was able to portray an image that was not true to the space.

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An Essay of Emptiness (Taken from series)

 

Lynch has a passion for photography and explained how in the beginning it was important to his practice that his selected pictures were framed with care and attention, because he felt photography was about being beautiful and careful.

Through his visits to the spaces, Lynch became connected with the lost souls of the buildings and began to feel as though the light illuminated the absence. He began to collect old photos of people who had passed away from eBay, car boot sales and from friends and family. Lynch then began carefully cutting the people out of the photographs with a scalpel as well as removing them digitally, ensuring the shadows were left behind. This was when he realised that his title was beginning to make sense.

Through the extractions and enhancements of his images, Lynch liked to leave behind minor faults to leave clues that there was something missing, to provoke the truthful nature of the image. He discussed how through extracting the people from the photographs, light can then reactivate the characters.

Through a show in Edinburgh ‘Legacy’, he was able to produce two separate catalogues, one for his own photographs and another for his found ones. He explained how he saw these as separate chapters to the book of this idea.

Lynch seems a little unsure of what he wants to achieve and appears to have the luxury to take his time to decide what he requires from his artwork. When he began working for the Baltic Gallery in Gateshead, Lynch wanted to work with teenagers through youth projects to introduce his experiences to young artists. In 2011 when the gallery held the Turner Prize, Lynch worked with young people to respond to the works of the competition candidates. This is when he began discovering his love of teaching.

After some time away from studying he explained how he began to miss creating his own work and applied to do his Master’s Degree at the Royal College. Lynch then opened up about his personal dilemma with returning to studying and felt as though he was under pressure to be making art. As a result he turned down the offer to the Royal College and explained he did not feel ready to commit to the course. This is something I can relate to; having turned down offers myself in the past through not feeling like it was the right time in my life to return to education.

Lynch highlighted a need to explore and getaway after this event, which led to his move abroad to America to teach photography in Pennsylvania. He expressed his love of teaching and how pleased he was to have the experience of working in an educational environment, but how he soon felt like he needed to stop producing photographs for a while, so not to exhaust his ideas. Lynch then went on to talk about who he made a conscious decision not to make any more work for 4/5 years to focus on his educational work. He moved to Italy to continue this path and said he wanted to wait to develop his work because he was still unsure which way to take it.

Another year on, he returned back to the UK and moved to Newcastle to teach. At this point he stated he had made no new work since 2010, except for four rolls of film he had not developed from his time in America.

Lynch then restarted processing film and said he felt a sense of liberation when making prints without being so precious with the work. He decided not to think too much about the image itself and began embracing the mistakes. He was working in a school environment which was subject to error and learning and so incorporated the imperfect materials and damage. Lynch talked passionately about hoping to inspire his students to learn to use and love the dark room.

Finally he felt able to return to his work and began creating scenes for the extracted people from the old photographs. Lynch realised that the way people were positioned may have reminded him of things he had seen which were combining with his own memories, helping him to create characters for the scenes. This led to Lynch experimenting with his drawing abilities, where he created hand drawn scenes ensuring a gap was left for the missing people. This book of images was intended to have noticeable mistakes, where he could experiment with light through the removed figures.

Even though he wasn’t pleased with some of the outcomes of his processes, Lynch was eager to point out the importance of not denying any of your work, as it helps you to progress and learn.

Moving on in terms of materials, Lynch now wants to incorporate these images with clay and plaster, to experiment with destroying the picture. Through processing these photographs in plaster, the object itself is more fragile than it was and Lynch strives to get as much as he can from the images before they are gone. He hopes to recreate the existing picture through the emulsion left behind.  

Lynch expressed a sense of regret for destroying the pictures, as it could be perceived as disrespectful. He was sure to highlight that his processes are not intended to be offensive and that he simply hopes to push the material to its limits. Lynch explained that he believes it can be a difficult process to look at images for some people and that there is a sense of irony that his current work won’t last longer than the original photograph.

Through is AA2A at the University of Sunderland, Lynch plans to work with imperfect materials, which is a huge leap from his original mind-set of precision and care. Using clay, he plans to experiment with pouring photo emulsion onto the unfired ceramic in the dark room to create sculptures of other people’s history. Lynch suggests that you must embrace your mistakes to help you to move forward.

It is apparent that Lynch is passionate about teaching and he was keen to express that he wants his students to see him as a working artist and not just a teacher. He believes that the work/life balance does not exist and they should not be separate from one other. Lynch explained that he used to think he could hide behind his pictures and now realises he can express himself through them and his processes. Unlike a lot of makers and artists, Lynch seems more focussed on making art for the materials and not for the industry.

Rachel Laycock/Gretton – Student to Artist

Rachel Laycock has studied glass at Sunderland University and this alone makes her seem more approachable as a working artist. She began her education in Sunderland in her second year of university, where she became obsessed with this beautiful material and the techniques and limitations of working with glass. After graduating in 2001, she travelled to Mozambique for six months to work and explore her prospects.  

Laycock went on to explain that without the connections she had made at university, she may not have achieved what she has so far in her career. The importance of keeping contact with other people can be the key to your own success and ideas.

She set up her own business in 2004 and managed to get funding to buy her first kiln. Laycock explained how she needed to take a break from education to progress her technical ability and have a rest from being taught, as she did not feel ready to move on to a Master’s Degree at this point.

When she did begin working on her MA work, she primarily focussed on finding her own style, hoping to bring together all of the techniques she had learned with a recognisable design. Laycock explained how she often writes to explore her feelings and emotions as a way to relax. Using her own writing and her diary entries featuring her personal thoughts and experiences, she hoped to combine glass and emotion. She discussed how it felt to know people may be able to read her innermost secrets through observing her work and how it felt as if she was exposing her heart.

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He Loves Me He Loves Me Not, 2005

 

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Now You See Me Now You Don’t, 2005

 

Laycock was happy to discuss how her personal life affects her work and openly told us how she moved to Yorkshire for love. I feel like this grounds her and shows that just because you have a career, it doesn’t mean your life stops.

Unfortunately a gallery broke her MA work and it was destroyed, but the insurance pay-out for the work helped her to move on with her career and open a studio and gallery in her new hometown. Laycock emphasised how this was a big step for her and felt she had to relaunch her business in 2006. Thanks to grant funding she was able to buy equipment which helped her gain commissions and exhibitions whilst teaching workshops and completing residencies.

She was keen to explain how even though you may develop a style in your work, you must always be willing to diversify a request to get work and help a client.

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Extracts of Love, 2006

 

Laycock developed a series of sculptures which could be easily made to sell and send to galleries. Again, all of these pieces contained pieces of her.

As a result of these works, she gained more commission work and won awards.

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Glass Ballustrade (Commission), 2007

 

Once her name was becoming more well known, Laycock was asked to create a piece for an exhibition. She based this piece on her diary again and did not realise whilst she was making it that she was suffering with postnatal depression. She believes that this mental health problem affected her work and can be seen in the piece. Laycock got upset when discussing this work and explained that she didn’t feel able to talk too deeply about it as she struggles to think of that time in her life and how it is still very raw. ‘Little Black Book’ was her first installation piece and featured falling glass pages, interacting with light to create shadows.

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Little Black Book, 2007

 

The depths Laycock went into when discussing her personal life and its effects on her practice was refreshing. So many artists hide behind their work and don’t seem able to reflect on their experiences and their influences on their art. When working on a commission, she told us how she had no option but to take her young son to the studio whilst she created the work. This highlights to me the determination she felt to keep going with her career while raising a family. Laycock went on to explain how she continually suffered with PND and how her relationship ultimately broke down and how she felt as if she was in a very bad place in her life and struggled to find her own words. Through music she was able to connect to the emotion in the lyrics and find herself again.

In 2009 she moved back to Hartlepool and decided it was time to reapply herself again and work on herself. She did night classes and began working on commissions again and began working with youth groups to create artwork. Laycock’s transformation after suffering with her health is inspiring. She trained in an arts award and used her connections from her past to help her network again. Through her drive she was appointed as the lead artist for the Tall Ships coming to Hartlepool. Over the period she held 35 workshops in schools, with mental health organisations and with the community and created the glass sails for an installation piece ‘Ship in a Shop’.

Laycock has re-established herself as Rachel Gretton.

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Ship in a Shop, 2010

 

Through her work on the Tall Ships project, Laycock began her residency in a school, where she brought together the pupils and the parents to make artwork documenting their art, drama and poetry in the piece ‘Hear Our Voice’.

It was around this time when her career was again tested, as she fell pregnant for a third time. This time she was sure to keep her hand in and work throughout her pregnancy and battle with postnatal depression. Through her experiences, Laycock decided she wanted to set up an organisation to work with children. Along with another artist and friend, she set up ‘Bloom in Art’ which was designed to link with schools and community projects to make art more accessible. Through this project she developed an arts award where children can gain qualifications and receive certificates to encourage creative thinking processes. Her hard work and determination has allowed the project to expand and she explained she is still gaining funding bids.

Laycock’s links with her work with schools has helped her development and she was asked to do a commission for an installation piece in a school she had worked with before. She was keen to highlight how this work helped her to understand the health and safety aspects of permanent artwork when collaborating with the school.

Frequently throughout her presentation, Laycock opened up about her personal life and was able to let us in to her thought processes and influences, which I feel made her a more relatable artist.

She went on to explain how she began wanting to make her own work again instead of catering to briefs as often. Her current body of work ‘Cracks of Love’ addresses her struggles whilst celebrating what she has in her life. She hopes to experiment with shadow as well as the physical object and develop with the text.

Laycock was passionate when talking about her desire to raise awareness of mental health problems and how she finds that writing letters is an active removal of thoughts, helping her to embrace what she has.

She explained how she has been asked to work with the ashes of the deceased to incorporate them with glass, but she emphasised her passion to make work about people who are alive instead of those who are gone.

Laycock’s story was reassuring as a developing artist and she was able to present herself as a real person. She was helpful in terms of directing her own experiences to relate to your own. She ended with a list of advice:

  • Be true to yourself
  • Go with your instincts
  • Don’t be afraid to fail
  • Network
  • Collaborate
  • Experiment
  • Never give up
  • Develop skills
  • Apply for everything

Keiko Mukaide – Journey Follows the Flow

Working from her home in Edinburgh, Keiko Mukaide explores techniques using glass as her main art medium. Although she considers her home to be in Scotland, Mukaide still has strong nostalgic links to her birthplace in Tokyo, from where she moved at a young age to study. Mukaide studied glass and ceramics at the Royal College of Art in London, when she first arrived in the UK, before her move to Edinburgh where she was a research fellow at the Edinburgh College of Art.

Keiko Mukaide’s work does not appear to have a distinctive style, allowing her to explore various areas of concept as well as experimenting with a wide range of materials. Much of her work is site specific as a result of gaining commissions, which ultimately affects the outcome.

Her love of glass as a material for making art comes from the joy she finds in working with light. Mukaide describes the actual feeling she experiences from the aesthetics of glass as it alters the light around you; “Glass is wonderful to achieve”.

Mukaide asks, “Does the place you live affect your work?”

Discussing her past works chronologically, Mukaide begins by relaying a trip to Lybster in 1996, where she was moved by the light flowing across the beach landscape, which inspired her to recreate the feeling she experienced.

Lucid in the Sky
Lucid in the Sky (Fabrica Gallery, Brighton, 1999)

 In response to this emotional connection to the light in the landscape by the Scottish sunshine, Mukaide created ‘Lucid in the Sky’ from dichroic glass. This piece was part of the Domain exhibition at the Fabrica Gallery in Brighton.

Keiko Mukaide has made an amazing living from public commissions and her interest in working with the assets of a site has seen some outstanding installation work. Since 2000, Mukaide has successfully created several site specific works, focussing on the history of the places and the flow of light and space. Those she discussed in relation to site specificity include:

Elemental Traces in Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 2000

Hydrosphere 2

Hydrosphere 3

Necurious Clouds Reflect Water

Miegakari, Hill House (Reflection from garden into house)

Curved Glass Walls (Inspired by Japanese paper screens) 

Mist Trees (sound by John Cobban), 2002

Talbot Rice Gallery, Edinburgh (mapping of underground streams and energies of site)

 

By using influences from her Japanese heritage to inspire her projects, Keiko was able to put a part of herself into her works commissioned specifically for a place, leaving behind her artistic mark. In a busy gallery setting she was able to create a space for calm and reflection with her piece ‘Spirit of Place’ which she describes as a “positive energy vortex”.  Pieces of spiralling, hanging, coloured glass allowing the viewer to literally reflect themselves and the light around them.

With her use of glass as a metaphor for the elusive forces of nature, Mukaide began working on a piece for Tate St Ives, in 2006. She explains how the site had a beautiful sea view of a Cornish beach, which inspired her to create a lighthouse based object. Using a lighthouse lens from Scotland (connecting to her adopted home), each of the twenty-four panels were set at an accurate point of longitude and latitude. This piece connected Mukaide herself to the site of the work and encouraged the viewer to encounter the landscape on a deeper level than just visually.

Light of the North
Light of the North (Tate St Ives, 2006)

Mukaide went on to talk about how her personal life began affecting her practice after the death of her father in 2004. She spoke of how she hoped to transform her grief into a positive outcome, in terms of her creativity.  After losing her father, whom she had left behind in Japan to pursue her career, Mukaide expressed her guilt of not spending more time with her family and her need to honour the life of her father through her work. Her commission for St Mary’s Church in York in 2007, allowed her to develop a site specific, interactive, honouring piece for her father.

The fountain bed, with flowing water from West to East, highlighted the distance between her birthplace and her current home and the distance between Mukaide herself and her family. Visitors were encouraged to release a candle into the water, watching it flow with the current in honour of a deceased loved one, to share their grief and to reflect. ‘Memory of Place’ was created with a glass pillar above it to represent the spirit and the journey to a higher level.  The use of water in the artwork was intended to unite people together through their loss, as water is cleansing and purifying and seen through all religions often as a way of sharing.

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Memory of Place (St Mary’s Church, York, 2007)

By connecting to her audience in her work, Mukaide discussed her desire to bring people together through their heritage after considering her own. At the Pittenweem Art Festival in Scotland, she was able to use the history of the fishing village to set up an installation to celebrate the past, present and future of the area. Placed in the Old Men’s Club in the town, Mukaide focussed on the inhabitants as her source of inspiration, exploring their trades and the projection of local people in resemblance to their ancestors. Her goal was to unite individuals as a community to explore their past and leave messages for the future.

Going back to her own heritage, Mukaide explained her distress when finding out about the devastating earthquake in Japan in 2010. As a way of reconnecting to her own country she began gathering information from survivors.  ‘I have not heard from you, are you alright?’ was the installation based in a tent at the Pittenweem Art Festival, which brought her cultural heritage to the site. It included twelve stories from survivors of the tsunami, as well as postcards to appeal for help. The installation included water damaged photographs. As part of the grieving process for the loss of people and land, a campaign was set up to wash the images and clean the photos which would then be returned to their owners. Mukiade highlighted the comparison to the washing of a body and the significance of this after the death of a loved one.

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‘I Have Not Heard From You, Are You Alright?’ (Pittenweem Festival, 2011)

Mukaide’s personal connections to her work were much stronger than I originally anticipated. Her understanding of how individual experiences can alter your judgement in terms of your own artwork was fascinating. Culturally, her birthplace and her current home couldn’t be more different and yet her ability to consider how they have developed her as a person radiates from her work.

‘Thread Across the Sea’ created using Japanese to English dictionaries highlights the flexibility that Mukaide has in terms of artistic mediums. To explore the language of communication between cultures (ie Mukaide’s Japanese roots and her Scottish home), she creates this piece using 1500 orgami boats made in Scotland and 3000 orgami planes from Japan and displayed them as upcycled book art in the Scottish Fisheries Museum, connecting both of her homes.

Keiko was very forthcoming when discussing her private life and happily explained how important her family are to her. She talked about how she visits her mother regularly in Japan to take care of her now her father is gone and to re-experience traditions of her ancestors. Mukaide went on to talk of how cluttered her family home has become and how she insists on helping her mother make space. Yet her mother sees the possessions not as rubbish, but as memories.

The concepts she then began exploring were interesting, in regard to the loss of ownership of objects and how the memories fade away as people pass on with them. Mukaide used this idea to create a kimono shaped piece, from a dictionary. She explained how a kimono is traditionally passed down from mother to daughter, over generations and how this piece was symbolic for her own mother. Along with this was a stitched map, representing her mother’s destiny.

Keiko appears to be focussing more heavily on her heritage with her art and those who are the most important and influential in her life. She ended her presentation by stating that living in another country for a long time, makes you think about how you are different.